Glaucoma: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatments

Glaucoma is an eye condition that damages the optic nerve, often linked to high intraocular pressure. It is one of the leading causes of blindness, especially in people over 60. At Ottica Paoletti in Pieve di Soligo, we offer useful information to help you recognize its symptoms and act promptly.

Note: Glaucoma is known as "the silent thief of sight" because it can progress without obvious symptoms until irreversible damage occurs. For a diagnosis, always consult an ophthalmologist.

Types of Glaucoma

There are several forms of glaucoma, each with specific characteristics:

  • Open-angle glaucoma: The most common form, it develops gradually without pain.
  • Closed-angle glaucoma: Rare but serious, it can cause intense pain and rapid vision loss.
  • Normal-tension glaucoma: Ocular pressure is normal, but the optic nerve is still damaged.
  • Congenital glaucoma: Rare, it manifests from birth or in the first years of life.

Symptoms of Glaucoma

Symptoms depend on the type and stage of the disease:

  • Gradual loss of peripheral vision
  • Blurred vision
  • Eye pain (in acute glaucoma)
  • Headache
  • Nausea and vomiting in severe cases
  • Halos around lights

Risk Factors

  • Age over 60
  • Family history of glaucoma
  • High intraocular pressure
  • Conditions such as diabetes or high myopia

How Glaucoma Develops

The eye contains a saline fluid called aqueous humor, which supports tissue function and maintains the volume of the eyeball. Aqueous humor is continuously produced and eliminated: if it accumulates, internal pressure increases and compresses the optic nerve, progressively damaging the nerve cells of the retina.

Treatments for Glaucoma

Treatments, prescribed by an ophthalmologist, aim to reduce intraocular pressure:

  • Eye drops: Initial solution to control pressure.
  • Laser: Techniques such as trabeculoplasty to improve drainage.
  • Surgery: Necessary in more severe cases.
  • Combined therapy: Integrated use of multiple treatments.

Supplements to support the optic nerve

A complementary approach is the use of food supplements to support neuroprotection of the optic nerve. Various scientific studies highlight the role of antioxidants, Omega 3, and neuroprotective substances in slowing the progression of damage. Always take them under the guidance of your ophthalmologist.

How we can help you at Ottica Paoletti

  • Information on visual health
  • Optometric checks to monitor your vision (non-diagnostic)